The landslide velocity
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract. Proper knowledge of velocity is required in accurately determining the enormous destructive energy carried by a landslide. We present first, simple and physics-based general analytical landslide model that simultaneously incorporates internal deformation (nonlinear advection) externally applied forces, consisting net driving force viscous resistant. From physical point view, represents novel class nonlinear advective–dissipative system, where classical Voellmy inviscid Burgers' equations are specifications this model. show advection external forcing fundamentally regulate state motion deformation, which substantially enhances our understanding coherently deforming Since solutions provide fastest, most cost-effective, best rigorous answer to problem, we construct several new exact solutions. These cover wider spectrum directly reduce mass motion. New bridge existing gap between negligibly geometrically massively landslides through their deformations. This provides novel, rapid, consistent method for efficient coupling different types transports. The mechanism advection, stretching, approaching steady has been explained. reveal fact shifting, uplifting, stretching field stem from advection. intrinsic solution describes fascinating breaking wave emergence folding. happens collectively as system introduces downslope propagation domain, uplift, disclose domain translation solely depend on force, along with drag fully controls shock generation, breaking, folding, also magnitude. demonstrates dynamics architectured reigned forcing. analytically obtained velocities close observed values natural events. constitute foundation solving technical problems. practitioners key information instantly estimating impact very important delineating hazard zones mitigation hazards.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Earth surface dynamics
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2196-6311', '2196-632X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-165-2022